UK Income Tax Rates & Bands
Instantly estimate your take-home pay, Income Tax, and National Insurance contributions based on the latest 2025/2026 HMRC thresholds.
Calculate Your Take-Home Pay
Enter your annual salary to instantly see your Income Tax, National Insurance deductions, and estimated monthly take-home pay.
Take-Home Pay Estimator
See exactly how much of your salary you get to keep.
How UK Tax Works
Understanding your deductions
Personal Allowance
You can earn £12,570 tax-free. This is deducted from your gross salary before any tax is calculated.
Income Tax Bands
Remaining income is taxed at 20% (Basic), 40% (Higher), or 45% (Additional) depending on the total amount.
National Insurance
Class 1 NI is charged at 8% on earnings between £12,570 and £50,270, and 2% on earnings above this threshold.
Take-Home Pay
Your final take-home pay is your gross salary minus Income Tax, National Insurance, and any pension contributions.
2025/2026 Tax Bands & Limits
A general overview of the Income Tax and National Insurance thresholds for the 2025/2026 tax year in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland.
| Tax Band | Taxable Income Range | Income Tax Rate | National Insurance Rate |
|---|---|---|---|
| Personal Allowance | Up to £12,570 | 0% | 0% |
| Basic Rate | £12,571 – £50,270 | 20% | 8% |
| Higher Rate | £50,271 – £125,140 | 40% | 2% |
| Additional Rate | Over £125,140 | 45% | 2% |
| Allowance Taper | For every £2 earned over £100,000, the Personal Allowance is reduced by £1 until it reaches zero at £125,140. | ||
UK Tax Rates FAQ
Answers to the most frequently asked questions about UK income tax, personal allowance, and National Insurance.
The standard Personal Allowance for the 2025/2026 tax year is £12,570. This is the amount of income you can earn before you start paying Income Tax. It may be higher if you claim Marriage Allowance or Blind Person’s Allowance.
If your income is over £100,000, your Personal Allowance is reduced by £1 for every £2 you earn above this threshold. This means your Personal Allowance reaches zero once your income hits £125,140, effectively creating a 60% marginal tax rate in this band.
For 2025/2026, the bands are: Personal Allowance (0%) up to £12,570; Basic Rate (20%) from £12,571 to £50,270; Higher Rate (40%) from £50,271 to £125,140; and Additional Rate (45%) on income over £125,140. Note: Scotland has different bands and rates.
No. You only pay Class 1 National Insurance on earnings above the Primary Threshold (£12,570 per year). The main rate is 8% on earnings between £12,570 and £50,270, and 2% on earnings above £50,270.